P4 stands for…
Participatory
Easy to use, non-invasive saliva testing allowing anyone to do a routine health check anytime, anywhere.
Predictive
PeNano’s smart platform will analyze the individual’s medical record to predict one’s health trend and provide tailored actionable health advice.
Personalized
Each individual will have their own medical record containing their personalized health information and unique health experience.
Preventive
By understanding the trends of each individual’s unique health situation, one can delay or prevent the onset of deadly diseases by changing their lifestyles.
P4 test can be used to test for…
Stress — by monitoring the level of cortisol in saliva. Cortisol level in saliva will be raised under constant stress.
Pregnancy health — by monitoring progesterone in saliva. During pregnancy, women who have low progesterone levels have higher risk in miscarriage or preterm delivery.
Pre-diabetes & Diabetes — by monitoring insulin level in saliva. If the insulin levels are 2 to 3 times higher than normal, there will be a higher risk of having diabetes.
Smoking & Second-hand smoke — by monitoring cotinine level in saliva. Cotinine is the metabolite of nicotine. High cotinine levels will be found in smokers. People who are exposed to secondhand smoke for a long period of time will also have increased cotinine levels in their body.
Stroke — by monitoring folate and folic acid level in saliva. Lack of folate/folic acid increases the chase of getting a stroke. However, studies have shown excess folate/folic acid causes cancer. It is therefore important to maintain folate/folic acid level in our body at a moderate level. Click here to learn more about folate and folic acid.
Heart disease — monitoring cholesterol and Trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) levels in saliva. The higher level these two biomarkers are, the higher risk of having heart diseases such as heart attack and heart failure.
How to use the P4 Test
